famili colours

Doa selepas sembahyang fardhu

2010-06-26T04:57:00.000-07:00

Doa selepas sembahyang fardhu

Stand By Me-Playing For Change Song Around the World

2009-12-25T09:02:00.000-08:00

Unlimited downloads free MP3, english song, click the song title to downloads, muat turun percuma lagu english klik pada tajuk lagu untuk muat turun percuma...
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Stand By Me-Playing For Change Song Around the World

Shakira-She Wolf

Nirvana-smells like teen spirit

The Off spring-Come Out and Play Keep Em Separated

Robbie william-Better Man

Nirvana-smells like teen spirit

Ada Band-Setengah Hati

2009-12-25T08:59:00.000-08:00

Muat turun percuma lagu melayu, klik pada tajuk lagu untuk muat turun percuma...
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muat turun percuma lagu paling hangat......

Ada Band-Setengah Hati

padi-menanti sebuah jawaban

Cokelat-Karma

Radja-Takkan Melupakanmu

Once-dealova

Peter Pan-Mungkin Nanti

Dewa-Pupus

Tomok-Through My Window

2009-12-25T08:57:00.000-08:00

Unlimited downloads english song, click the song title to downloads, muatturun percuma lagu english klik pada tajuk lagu untuk muat turun percuma...
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Tomok-Through My Window

Wali Band-Cari Jodoh

2009-12-25T08:55:00.000-08:00

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Wali Band-Cari Jodoh

Meet Uncle Hussain-Lagu Untukmu

2009-12-25T08:53:00.000-08:00

Unlimited downloads indie band song, click the song title to downloads, muatturun percuma lagu indie band klik pada tajuk lagu untuk muat turun percuma...
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Meet Uncle Hussain-Lagu Untukmu

Cerita kedai kopi-Malique feat Salam

2009-12-25T08:48:00.000-08:00

Unlimited downloads mp3 music, click the song title to downloads, muatturun percuma lagu hip hop klik pada tajuk lagu untuk muat turun percuma...
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Cerita kedai kopi-Malique feat Salam

Bunkface-Through My Window

2009-12-25T08:45:00.000-08:00

The Fabulous cats-Papa Jahat

2009-12-25T08:43:00.000-08:00

Unlimited downloads Malay song, click the song title to downloads, lagu popular malaysia, carta era,hip-hop song, muatturun percuma lagu melayu klik pada tajuk lagu untuk muat turun percuma...
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The Fabulous cats-Papa Jahat

GreenDay-21 Guns

2009-12-25T08:42:00.000-08:00

Unlimited downloads english song, alternative song, popular song, click the song title to downloads, muatturun percuma lagu english klik pada tajuk lagu untuk muat turun percuma...
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GreenDay-21 Guns

Muatturun percuma lagu mp3 click here

2009-12-08T20:45:00.000-08:00

1Hujan_-_Kotak_Hati.mp3 2The_Fabulous_Cats_-_Bawa_Ku_Terbang.mp3 3Pop_Shuvit_-_Marabahaya__Project_EAR_.mp3 4Aizat_-_Pergi.mp3

5Bunkface_-_Through_My_Window.mp3 6Anang_-_Separuh_Jiwaku_Pergi.mp3 7Faizal_Tahir_-_Malaysia_Satu.mp3

8Krisdayanti_-_Aku_Wanita_Biasa.mp3 9Hujan_-_Kotak_Hati.mp3 10Melly_Goeslow_-_Haramkah.mp3 11Siti_Nurhaliza_-_Ku_Percaya_Ada_Cinta.mp3 12Ahli_Fiqir__-_Derita_Merindu.mp3

13Agnes_Monica_-_Matahariku.mp3
14Rabbani_-_Mentari_Merah_Diufuk_Timur__Feat._Amy_Search_.mp3

15Yuna_-_Dan_Sebenarnya.mp3
16Liyana_Jasmay_-_Aku_Tak_Percaya_Cinta.mp3

Lagu Pengantin download here

2009-12-08T20:40:00.000-08:00

Untuk muatturun secara percuma sila Klik pada link lagu di bawah.............

Ahmad Daud feat Rafeah Buang - Sudah Kahwin Ke Belum
P.Ramlee feat Saloma - Kalau Jodoh Tak Ke Mana
R.Ismail - Direnjis-renjis
Saloma - Sekapur Sirih Seulas Pinang
Saloma - Selamat Pengantin Baru
R.Ismail - Gunung Payung
Ahmad Daud feat Zaleha Hamid - Menunggu Nasi Minyak
Zaleha Hamid - Bunga Rampai
Zaleha Hamid - Gendang Berbunyi
Zaleha Hamid - Selamat Pengantin Baru
Ahmad Jais - Joget Mak Andam
Muhaini Suratman - Kalau Ada Jodoh
Ahmad Jais feat Zaleha Hamid - Kenek-keneklah Udang
Ameng - Bersanding Di Awan
Anita Sarawak - Selamat Pengantin Baru
Azharina - Di Hari Persandinganmu
Blues Gang - Oh Mama Saya Mahu Kahwin
Datin Rafaeh Buang - Joget Pengantin Baru
S.Jibeng - Inai Di Jari
M.Ishak - Sebentuk Cincin Permata Berlian
Goodman Brothers - Di Hari Persandingan Mu
Hussin Ismail - Selamat Pengantin Baru
Uji Rashid feat Hail Amir - Menunggu Nasi Minyak
Sanisah Huri - Pengantin Bersanding

DJ Dave - Pengantin Tiba
Ismail feat Anita - Joget Pak Mat Kahwin Lagi

Healthy Homemade Cake Recipe Tips

2009-12-03T00:27:00.000-08:00

Healthy Homemade Cake Recipe Tips

When baking with butter:
Room-temperature butter in the cake batter is one of the biggest cake baking mistakes. In fact, butter must be below 68°F to trap air molecules and build structure. Otherwise, the fat will liquefy and the cake will be flat. To get “cool” butter: Cut the chilled butter into chunks and let it sit in a bowl for 5 minutes before beating.

When mixing cake batter:
You cannot overbeat the eggs, sugar and butter, but you can overbeat the flour. If you do, gluten will form and you will be making a quick bread instead of a layer cake. Beat the flour just until there are no visible signs of dry flour, but not until the batter is completely smooth.

Cake flour:
Cake flour is milled from soft wheat that has a lower gluten content and higher starch content than all-purpose flour. It helps to ensure a fluffy texture in cakes and pastries. A substitute for cake flour is to use all-purpose flour, but reduce the amount by 2 tablespoons per cup.

Sambutan raya haji kat chemor

2009-11-27T06:00:00.000-08:00

Rakaman sekitar
Sambutan Hari Raya Korban di pekarangan Masjid Jamek, Chemor

......buat keja elok2.
......petugas sedang menjlnkn tugas masing-masing.

.......posing bersama orang kuat chemor dn rpt bt. sepuloh.

......ooo cam tu
......ucek,amir n mamat n jemaah yang hadir bagi menyaksikn ibadah korban di pekarangan masjid jamek,chemor.

......sebahagian daripada haiwan yang akan dikorbankan.
......syukur alhamdulillah.

calendar hari raya haji

2009-11-27T00:26:00.000-08:00

Eid al-Adha in the Gregorian calendar

Co-operation Of Parents Leads To A Successful Child

2009-11-23T19:59:00.000-08:00

Co-operation Of Parents Leads To A Successful Child

Diet Rich In Nutrition, Also Plays a Significant Role To Success
Special Nutrition Care Must Be Taken Of Small One’s And Teenagers
Following Aspects Help In Making The Food More Nutritious
Breakfast
Meal
Avoid Enjoying Junk Food

The world is becoming more and more competitive. To compete with it, Education is the key motive to success. Nowadays, parents are fully involved in their children’s education. This is the era where everyone is realizing the significance and quality of education. Countries are spending wholesome of capital on quality education. Even the local schools are more apprehensive towards quality education. Parents desire promising dialogue for their children’s future. Parents play a key role in motivating their children to a promising future. It is very important, that parents should pay full attention to their child’s educational requirement. They are required to help their children right through the year in reading, completing assignments, helping them to make active participation in various events, assisting moral support to co-ordinate with the teachers and to assort friendly nature with their colleagues.
The latest literature studies researched by “Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory” discovered that, primary involvement of parents is very important in proper development of the child and encourage the school organization to produce quality skilled scholars. Apart from the moral support there are many factors responsible for the success; one of these factors is good nourished diet.

Diet Rich In Nutrition, Also Plays a Significant Role To Success

When we talk about nutritional diet, we consider fully nourished diet which is essential for one’s growth, mentally as well as physically. It is very important to consume healthy diet as it provides energy to work and to think for longer hours, also to strengthen the grasping power and help to keep the brain cool in extreme circumstances. Parents are very much persuasive about their children’s health. Considering these aspects parents pay more attention to their diets. Usually children are very much choosy about whatever food they eat. It is very important for the parents to include cleverly the nutritional food in the diet, in such a way so that the children should enjoy it. Parents should take the extreme steps if required regarding their nutrition diet. Most of the children in the school have hard time to go, as they have to perform various activities. And ingestion of nutritional food becomes a major task regarding growth and development.

Special Nutrition Care Must Be Taken Of Small One’s And Teenagers

Kids & adult are small enough to look after their food nutrition. Therefore special care must be given to them as it is their primary stage of development.
The diet follows the following routine:

The morning diet includes breakfast, which provides energy to the body early morning. As the last food intake was the before night dinner, and the body has been without any food since fortnight. The breakfast will supply required energy to the body till lunch and will help to gain the power to forward the work ahead.
Usually in the morning one feel empty stomach, and needs to stimulate the body by consuming nutritious breakfast.

A child practices various activities, right from the time he or she is awake. One’s breakfast can contain a dough nut with a glass of milk which will stimulate the child’s brain to attend the morning arithmetic or mental studies lecture in the school. Therefore it becomes extreme important to be energized by consuming nutritional diet.

Following Aspects Help In Making The Food More Nutritious:

Always see to it that the offered luxurious food is well versed, rich in nutrition and offer options to the breakfast. As eating habits often depend on one’s mood, it is important to offer choice. Make maximum use of nutritious drinks, like shakes prepared from all types of fruit’s, avoid using essence and artificial food colors. Fruits like orange, pineapple, banana, etc. may provide good source of nutrition. Bread with butter imparts good stimulus for the body. Even breakfast including sandwiches containing fresh green vegetables, and slices of cheese provide a healthy source of fuel to the body. Try mixed fresh fruit custard to take after breakfast or even after lunch. Include mostly the colorful and enjoyable but nutritious food for the kids.

Meal

After a tiring time in the school children rush home and are ready to take anything which is available in the refrigerator. According to the studies this mentality of the children is found mostly in those children who’ s both the parents are to the job, and have no other option left to quit their hunger. In such cases, parents should fulfill their responsibility by preparing good, nutritious and healthy food, which their children may enjoy as well.

After meal it is important to take nutritious drinks like fruit juices to ease digestion. Healthy food containing egg, fish (rich in vitamins), meat, can provide a good source of nutrition. Avoid canned food which may be harm the body weight, as it may decrease the nutrition value of the food.
One can use some liter foodstuffs for who took heavy breakfast and has little hunger left. For that purpose one can provide some eatables like popcorns, smooth salty biscuits, yogurt, even milk products, fruit cocktail, coconut chips, banana chips etc.

Paste list on the refrigerator giving information about the food, snacks etc. Let the child help himself or herself to search for the food it want. Prepare the sandwiches or cookery product of attractive shapes, to fascinate the children, so that they may enjoy the food.
It is certain that when a child has entered the routine diet, there is possibility that it becomes accustomed with the regular diet.

Avoid Enjoying Junk Food:

As junk food is the high source of fats and has a minimum quantity of nutritional values, one should keep away from it. Though it taste pleasant but the ultimate result is; increase in fatness; low nutritional intake causes dullness, inactiveness.

But today’s first choice for younger generation is this so called fast food, which is increasing fast in youth. As per the majority demand, even the restaurants are motivating towards these foodstuffs. The canteens are loosing the demands of nutritious food. It is very pathetic, to know that the future generation, is becoming more prone to these junk foodstuffs rather than the nutritious one.

source Children's Health, Health Care, Mental Health |

5 Tips On Public Speaking

2009-11-19T08:02:00.000-08:00

Tips on public speaking: ways to overcome the crippling effects of stage fright, and how to use nervous energy to actually improve performance.

If you have a speech to deliver and need to overcome a bad case of stage fright, here are some tips from professional speakers.

1. Nothing will ever replace rehearsal. The underlying cause of most speech anxiety is a lack of confidence, either in the material's reception or your own delivery. The best cure for this anxiety is practice, practice, practice. When an actor has his lines memorized to the point he can recite them in his sleep, the real performance begins. The same holds true with your presentation. Once you get past the words, which only rehearsal can do, then you can move on to the meaning behind those words. When you have a high level of confidence in your material and your delivery, then your anxiety level should come way down.

2. Don't visualize the audience in their underwear, or anything else for that matter. This old nugget of advice tried to convince nervous speakers to spread their anxieties by imagining the audience in a similarly awkward state. Current thinking shies away from such visualizations, because they do nothing to help the speaker relate to the audience in a mature fashion. Instead, you should visualize the most receptive audience in the world, waiting eagerly to hear your inspired speech. Picture a room full of the best teachers you ever had, beaming with pride. Whatever you visualize, keep it positive and dignified.

3. Too much nervous energy is too much. If your anxiety level is still too high after all your rehearsal and preparation, then you need to find an outlet for that energy. Many professional actors and public speakers find that doing light calisthenic exercises in their dressing rooms or a private area can relieve the excess energy. Try running in place, or shaking your arms and legs. Go out for a quick run somewhere, or punch a boxing bag. The trick is to release enough nervous energy to calm your anxieties, but not leave you so stress-free that your speech suffers.
Some nervousness is a good thing, because it shows you really care about the speech and the audience. The best speeches are delivered by nervous people.

4. If at all possible, stand on the exact area where you will be giving your speech later. Notice what you can see and what you can't see from that perspective. What sort of podium will you be standing behind? How well do the microphones work, and how are the acoustics? Immersing yourself in these details may help keep your mind off your stage fright. Become comfortable with the feel and atmosphere of the stage you're on. Some speakers are surprised to learn how limited their view of the audience really is when all the stage lights are turned on. What you might fear as a group of faces staring at you in judgement may just turn out to be an anonymous group of shadows.

5. If you do find yourself becoming overcome with anxiety during a speech, all is not lost. Take a brief moment to collect your thoughts. Drink a sip of water. You might even 'admit' your case of nerves to the audience, in an off-handed and humorous way. Most of the audience members have the same fears of speaking that you do, and may empathize with a polite round of applause or words of encouragement. Above all, try not to abandone your well-rehearsed plans. Find a logical re-starting point in your speech and start from there. Having an audience fully behind you and your words of wisdom can be the best cure of all for anxiety and stage fright.

10 Tips for Public Speaking

2009-11-19T07:58:00.000-08:00

Feeling some nervousness before giving a speech is natural and even beneficial, but too much nervousness can be detrimental.

Here are some proven tips on how to control your butterflies and give better presentations:

Know your material. Pick a topic you are interested in. Know more about it than you include in your speech. Use humor, personal stories and conversational language – that way you won’t easily forget what to say.
Practice. Practice. Practice! Rehearse out loud with all equipment you plan on using. Revise as necessary. Work to control filler words; Practice, pause and breathe. Practice with a timer and allow time for the unexpected.
Know the audience. Greet some of the audience members as they arrive. It’s easier to speak to a group of friends than to strangers.
Know the room. Arrive early, walk around the speaking area and practice using the microphone and any visual aids.
Relax. Begin by addressing the audience. It buys you time and calms your nerves. Pause, smile and count to three before saying anything. ("One one-thousand, two one-thousand, three one-thousand. Pause. Begin.) Transform nervous energy into enthusiasm.
Visualize yourself giving your speech. Imagine yourself speaking, your voice loud, clear and confident. Visualize the audience clapping – it will boost your confidence.
Realize that people want you to succeed. Audiences want you to be interesting, stimulating, informative and entertaining. They’re rooting for you.
Don’t apologize for any nervousness or problem – the audience probably never noticed it.
Concentrate on the message – not the medium. Focus your attention away from your own anxieties and concentrate on your message and your audience.
Gain experience. Mainly, your speech should represent you — as an authority and as a person. Experience builds confidence, which is the key to effective speaking. A Toastmasters club can provide the experience you need in a safe and friendly environment.

Eleven Things To Avoid

2009-11-19T07:49:00.000-08:00

Tips

2009-11-19T01:00:00.000-08:00

Tips

2009-11-19T00:58:00.000-08:00

Baking Tips for Fabulous Gluten-Free Bread

Have all the dry ingredients at room temperature.

Water should be 110 to 115 degrees F (too cool and the yeast won't rise; too hot and the yeast will die).

Yeast should be fresh- check the expiration date.

After a minute or two of mixing, open the machine and scrape down the sides of the pan with a soft spatula to help incorporate the bits of flour on the edges; I had to do this twice.

Immediately after the mixing/kneading cycle was finished I reached in and removed the paddle; then smoothed and pressed the dough and with wet fingers to even out the shape. It's not necessary to do this; I just prefer removing the paddle from the loaf ahead of time.

When the dough was resting I sprinkled a generous tablespoon of sesame seeds all over the top.

When the machine beeped "done". I immediately removed the pan from the hot machine, and within a minute released the bread from the pan (if you don't do this, it steams and gets a bit soggy) and placed it on a wire rack to do the thump test. It should sound hollow when tapped. And the loaf should feel firm (not squishy).

I thought the sides were a tad soft so I placed the naked loaf directly into the oven- on the center rack- and turned on the temp to 350 degrees. I baked it for another 12 to 15 minutes, keeping an eye on it. When I tapped the bread it sounded hollow. The crust was crusty. Done.

Cool the loaf on a wire rack. Slice when cooled with a sharp serrated knife. (If you don't wait for the loaf to cool the bread will not slice evenly.)

I am thinking this bread would make fabulous burger buns and pizza crust.

A note regarding altitude. At high altitude- you may only need one egg's worth of egg replacer. Experiment.

Readers sometimes ask if they can lessen either the oil or the sweetener in a recipe- in this case, I'd suggest, no. What really makes this bread tender and not crumbly is the give it gets from the honey and oil. When you don't use eggs or butter, you need to boost the stickiness factor- and flavor. That's why I use good tasting olive oil and honey (agave would work).

Yes, you could use real eggs in this recipe- I don't see why not. Beat two large happy organic free-range eggs.

If you find the center sinking, the dough may be too wet. Use less liquid- start with a tablespoon or two less liquid. If you use milk or non-dairy milk instead of water this could produce a denser loaf as well.

If the bread is gummy in the center use less honey or agave; both are humectant. If you use flax seed gel as an egg replacer, this can also create a gummy dough.

Corat coret

2009-10-17T19:34:00.000-07:00

5 Things Can’t Do Before Sleep!
DON’T SLEEP WITH WATCH

Watches can emit a certain level of radioactivity. Though small, but if you wear your watch to bed for a long time, it might have adverse effects on your health.

DON’T SLEEP WITH BRA
Scientists in America have discovered those that wear bras for more than 12 hours have a higher risk of getting breast cancer. So go to bed without it.
DON’T SLEEP WITH PHONE
Putting the phone beside your bed or anywhere near you is not encouraged. Though some of us will use phones as alarm clocks, but please put the phone as far as possible. Scientists have proved that electrical items including mobile phone and television sets emit magnetic waves when used. These waves can cause disruptions to our nervous system. Therefore if you need to put your mobile phone near you, switch it off first.
DON’T SLEEP WITH MAKE UP
People who sleep with makeup might have skin problems in the long run. Sleeping with makeup will cause the skin to have difficulty in breathing and problem in perspiring. You will also need a much longer time to go into deep sleep.

DON’T SLEEP WITH OTHERS’ WIFE / HUSBAND
You may never wake up again.

Corat-coret

2009-10-16T09:59:00.000-07:00

40 Things Girls Wish Guys Knew source ilani88wordpress

1. Don’t tell us when you think other girls are hot.
- Bagi tahulah kalau nak kena belasah!!
2. Whenever possible, please say whatever you have to say during
commercials before we get bored.
- Yelah, best sangat ke apa yang anda nak cakap tu berbanding drama “Bawang Merah Bawang Putih” kami?
3. Mark anniversaries on the calendar.
- Abang lupa,abang tidur luar malam ini!hehe
4. We think about you all the time.
- Lagi-lagi ketika kami sedang dingorat lelaki lain & tertanya-tanya “mana boyfriend aku ni, tak takut ke kalau aku kena kebas??”
5. This is how we see it: Don’t call = Don’t care.
- Dan, jangan terkejut lak kalau lepas itu kami keluar dengan laki lain.
6. Which also means that if we don’t call, take a hint.
-Lagi terang & bersuluh yang kami MERAJUKLAH itu!
7. We like you to be a little jealous. But overly possessive is not necessary.
- Yer saya tau awak sayang saya…
8. We’re allowed to be late. You’re not.
- Kami nak mekap, nak pilih kasut lagi. Semestinya warna baju n kasut kena SEDONDON! Selagi tak ada, asyik bertukar je la! Laki? Takkan nak pakai mekap kot?
9. Eye contact is the key.
- Dari mata turun ke hati. Tapi, bukan pandang perempuan lain sampai terjojol biji mata!! Karate karang!
10. Don’t take longer to get ready than we do.
- Sekali lagi, pakai mekap ke bang..??
11. Laugh at our jokes.
-Kitorang akan hargai fake laughs anda
12. 3 words: honesty, honesty, honesty!
- Yes, that’s right! Tapi, tak perlulah terus terang kalau masakan kitorang tak sedap!! Walaupun rasa macam nak tercabut anak tekak, jawab je “Sedap gilerrrrr yang..”
13. Girls can be groupies. Guy groupies are stalkers.
- Ha’a.. tak macho langsung. Pergi tandas pun kena berteman ke? Takut kena rogol ek?
14. Do not start with us. You will not win.
- Lagi-lagi kalau gewe mu itu bakal Lawyer
15. Would you like it if a guy treated your sister that way? Didn’t think so.
- Kalau tak suka mak atau kakak anda dilayan teruk oleh jerk, jadi jangan layan kami dengan teruk! Get it?
16 If you ask nicely, we`ll answer the same way.
- Cakap baik-baiklah beb, kitorang ni sensitif lagi manja tau!
17. We will never have enough clothes or shoes.
-Prepare a lot of budgets for these!
18 Open the door for us no matter where we are.
- Asalkan gentle tu bertempat, apa salahnya..
19. We love surprises.
- Tapi jangan suprisekan kami dengan berkata “Ayang, inilah madu kamu”!!
20. Pay attention to the little things we do, because they mean the most.
-Kalau tak suka kami anggap bola sepak itu remeh, jangan anggap hal kami remeh!
21. Always brush your teeth before you see us. A fresh mouth and white teeth are a necessity.
- Nanti jangan salahkan kami kalau tak sanggup nak pandang muka anda bila berbual!
22. Clean your room, don’t ever let it mess.
- Tak nak lah dapat suami pemalas yang hanya goyang kaki kat rumah sambil tengok kita sibuk-sibuk cuci tandas!
23. Even though you’re sometimes insensitive and hurt us, we still love you with everything we are.
- Sebab kami baik!!
24. Don’t act hard around your friends.
- Langsung tak nampak anda macho! Nanti kawan-kawan kamu cakap “malangnya bini dia dapat laki macam ni, macam manalah kat rumah nanti”.
25. Sometimes “NO” really means “NO!”.
- Betul!! Jangan paksa-paksa boleh tak?
26. “Wife beaters” are not an adequate form of fashion.
- Nak kena pukul balik ke??

27. Sensitive guys are great.. but crying more than we do in a movie just isn’t right.
- Hahaha..kita nak bersandar kat bahu sape ni?
28. Don’t let ex-girlfriends cause drama, relationships are stressful enough.
- Bertepuk sebelah tangan, tak berbunyi..
29. It takes a special kind of stupid to forget birthdays.
- Banyak makan semut ke?
30. “Fat chicks” have feelings, too.
- Yang ada isi la, seksi!! Tulang-tulang, dapat rasa ape??
31. Silent treatment, shoulder shrugs, tears, yelling, & nasty looks add up to = YOU DiD SOMETHiNG WRONG.
- Takkan tak paham-paham lagi kot bang?
32. The excuse “I can’t dance” is unacceptable. We’ll appreciate the simple fact that you’re trying.
- Practice Makes Perfect.
33. Just because a girl doesn’t pick up on the first ring, doesn’t mean she’s not waiting by the phone.
- Ala, saja jual mahal lah tu..
34. You don’t have to spend a lot; if it means a lot.
- Sekadar tulis satu surat cinta dengan tulisan anda yang buruk itu pun, dah cukup memadai. Tanda ingatan itu lebih penting!
35. Don’t say you love me if you don’t mean it.
- We can feels sincerity.
36. Don’t lie to us. We will catch you.
- Bangkai gajah takleh disorok.
37. Don’t you ever answer our question with only ONE word! We hate it!
- PM ke, bz sgt?
38. Just BE by our side when shopping means you are not allowed to flirt while we shopping!
- Lagipun, bolehlah cik abang tolong bayarkan sekali!! Hehehe
39. Please give us some comment while shopping.. it’s compulsory.
- Asyik jawab ok jer, tak ade kritikan konstruktif langsung!!
40. When the girls get together, we talk about everything. Meaning, my best friends know everything about you.
- Itu bergantung pada siapa kawan baiknya. Kalau kekasih itulah kawan baiknya, tak semua hal pasal dia kawan-kawan lain akan tahu.

Corat-coret

2009-10-16T09:23:00.000-07:00

10 PERKARA Negative to Positive source mata hatiwordpress

1. Untuk suami/isteri yang tidur berdengkur diwaktu malam, BERSYUKUR kerana beliau tidur disisi kita, bukan dengan orang lain.

2. Untuk anak/adik perempuan kita yang mengomel apabila mencuci pinggan, BERSYUKUR kerana itu bermakna dia berada di rumah, bukan dijalanan berpeleseran.

3. Untuk cukai pendapatan yang kita kena bayar, BERSYUKUR kerana itu bermakna kita masih mempunyai pekerjaan.

4. Untuk pakaian kita yang dah tak muat, BERSYUKUR kerana itu bermakna kita cukup makan.

5. Untuk lantai yang perlu dimop, tingkap yang perlu dilap, dan rumah yang

perlu dikemas, BERSYUKUR kerana itu bermakna kita mempunyai tempat tinggal.

6. Untuk bunyi bising jiran-jiran, BERSYUKUR kerana itu bermakna kita masih lagi boleh mendengar.

7. Untuk timbunan pakaian yang perlu dicuci/digosok, BERSYUKUR kerana itu bermakna kita ada pakaian untuk dipakai.

8. Untuk keletihan/kesakitan otot selepas seharian bekerja, BERSYUKUR kerana itu bermakna kita masih berupaya untuk kerja kuat.

9. Untuk tempat letak kereta yang jauh daripada lif, BERSYUKUR kerana itu

bermakna kita masih berupaya untuk berjalan.

10.Untuk jam loceng yang berdering pada waktu pagi, BERSYUKUR kerana itu bermakna kita masih hidup untuk meneruskan hari tersebut…

Corat-coret

2009-10-16T09:02:00.000-07:00

FIKIRLAH

Hari ini sebelum kita mengatakan

kata-kata yang tidak baik,

Fikirkan tentang seseorang yang

tidak dapat berkata-kata sama sekali.

Sebelum kita mengeluh tentang rasa dari makanan,

Fikirkan tentang seseorang yang tidak punya apapun untuk dimakan.

Sebelum anda mengeluh tidak punya apa-apa,

Fikirkan tentang seseorang yang meminta-minta dijalanan.

Sebelum kita mengeluh bahawa kita buruk,

Fikirkan tentang seseorang yang berada pada keadaan yang terburuk di dalam hidupnya.

Sebelum mengeluh tentang suami atau isteri anda,

Fikirkan tentang seseorang yang memohon kepada Tuhan untuk diberikan teman hidup.

Hari ini sebelum kita mengeluh tentang hidup,

Fikirkan tentang seseorang yang meninggal terlalu cepat.

Sebelum kita mengeluh tentang anak-anak kita,

Fikirkan tentang seseorang yang sangat ingin mempunyai anak tetapi dirinya mandul.

Sebelum kita mengeluh tentang rumah yang kotor kerana pembantu tidak mengerjakan tugasnya,

Fikirkan tentang orang-orang yang tinggal dijalanan.

Dan di saat kita letih dan mengeluh tentang pekerjaan,

Fikirkan tentang pengangguran, orang-orang cacat yang berharap mereka mempunyai pekerjaan seperti kita.

Sebelum kita menunjukkan jari dan menyalahkan orang lain,

Ingatlah bahawa tidak ada seorangpun yang tidak berdosa.

Dan ketika kita sedang bersedih dan hidup dalam kesusahan,

Tersenyum dan berterima kasihlah kepada Tuhan bahawa kita masih hidup !

Corat-coret

2009-10-16T08:30:00.000-07:00

..........................KETIKA source puteriumiblogspot
KETIKA MENCARI CALON Janganlah mencari isteri, tapi carilah ibu bagi anak-anak kita, Janganlah mencari suami, tapi carilah ayah bagi anak-anak kita. KETIKA MELAMAR
Anda bukan sedang meminta kepada orang tua/wali si gadis, Tetapi meminta kepad Allah melalui orang tua/wali si gadis. KETIKA AKAD NIKAH
Anda berdua bukan menikah di hadapan penghulu, Tetapi menikah di hadapan Allah KETIKA RESEPSI PERNIKAHAN

Catat dan hitung semua tamu yang datang untuk mendoakan anda, Kerana anda harus berfikir untuk mengundang mereka semua dan meminta, Maaf apabila anda berfikir untuk BERCERAI kerana menyia-nyiakan doa. KETIKA MALAM PERTAMA Bersyukur dan bersabarlah. Anda adalah sepasang anak manusia dan bukan sepasang malaikat. KETIKA SELAMA MENEMPUH HIDUP BERKELUARGA Sedarilah bahawa jalan yang akan dilalui tidak melalui jalan bertabur bunga, Tapi juga semak berlukar yang penuh onak dan duri. KETIKA BIDUK RUMAHTANGGA BERGOYANG
Jangan saling berlepas tangan, Tapi sebaliknya justeru semakin erat berpegang tangan. KETIKA BELUM DIKURNIAKAN ANAK
Cintailah isteri atau suami anda 100% KETIKA TELAH DIKURNIAKAN ANAK
Jangan bagi cinta anda kepada (suami) isteri dan anak anda, Tetapi cintailah isteri atau suami anda 100% Dan cintailah anak-anak anda masing-masing 100%
KETIKA EKONOMI KELUARGA MERUDUM

Yakinlah bahawa pintu rezeki akan terbuka lebar berbanding lurus Dengan tingkat ketaatan suami dan isteri.

KETIKA EKONOMI KELUARGA BERKEMBANG

Jangan lupa akan jasa pasangan hidup yang setia mendampingi kita semasa menderita KETIKA ANDA ADALAH SUAMI
Boleh bermanja-manja kepada isteri tetapi jangan lupa untuk bangkit secara Bertanggungjawab apabila isteri memerlukan pertolongan anda. KETIKA ANDA ADALAH ISTERI Tetaplah berjalan dengan gemalai dan lemah lembut, tetapi selalu berhasil menyelesaikan semua pekerjaan. KETIKA MENDIDIK ANAK Janganlah pernah berfikir bahawa orang tua yang baik adalah orang tua yang tidak pernah marah kepada anak kerana orang tua yang baik adalah orang tua yang jujur kepada anak. KETIKA ANAK BERMASALAH
Yakinlah bahawa tidak ada seorang anak pun yang tidak mahu bekerjasama dengan orang tua, yang ada adalah anak yang merasa tidak didengar oleh orang tuanya. KETIKA ADA PIL Jangan diminum, cukuplah suami, isteri sebagai ubat.
KETIKA INGIN AMAN & HARMONIS

Gunakanlah formula 7K Ketakwaan Kasih sayang Kesetiaan Komunikasi dialogis Keterbukaan Kejujuran

Kesihatan

2009-10-16T07:16:00.000-07:00

4. Exploit the resources you do have access to.

The average person is usually astonished when they see a physically handicap person so intense signs of emotional happiness. How could someone in such a restricted physical state be so happy? The answer rests in how they use the resources they do have.

5. Create happy endings whenever possible.

The power of endings are quite remarkable. The end of any experience has a profound impact on a person's overall perception of the experience as a whole. People always remember the endings. Always tie loose ends, leave things on a good note, and create happy endings in your life whenever possible.
6. Use personal ...strengths to get things done-Everyone possesses unique personal strengths. We all have different talents and skill sets. Emotional happiness comes naturally to those who use their strengths to get things done. The state of completion always creates a sense of achievement.
7. Savour the natural joy of simple pleasures-

The best things in life are free. They come in the form of simple pleasures and they appear right in front of you at various locations and arbitrary times. It's all abvout taking a moment to enjoy the sunset, smell the flowers or hold the hands of someone you love. Noticing these moments and taking part in them will bring bursts of happiness into your life.

Kesihatan

2009-10-16T07:06:00.000-07:00

2. Share time with friends and family

A happy life is a life shared with friends and family. The stronger he personal relationships are and the higher the frequency of the interaction, the happier that person will be.

3. Reflect on the good

Quite often people concentrate too much of their attention on negative outcomes and leave no time to positively reflect on their successes. Its natural for that person to want to correct undesirable circumstances and focus closely on doing so, but there must be a healthy balance in the allocation of personal awareness. A continuous general awareness of your daily successes can have noticeably positive affect on your overall emotional happiness.

Kesihatan

2009-10-16T06:56:00.000-07:00

The 7 habits of Highly Happy People source NSTP

....nobody is happy all the time, but some people are definitely more fulfilled than others. Highly happy people all share happy habits. Its as simple as that. The happiest people share seven very obvious habits.
If you are looking to expand your general happiness you may consider adopting these habits in your own life.

1. Be apart in something that you believe in.

People may take an active role in their local city council, find refuge in religious faith, join social club supporting causes they believe in. They engage themselves in something they strongly believe in. This engagement brings happiness and meaning into their lives.

Kesihatan

2009-10-15T07:46:00.000-07:00

1. Minum sekurang-kurangnya 8 gelas air sehari.
2. Makan banyak buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran hijau. 3. Makan malam sebelum jam 7.00 malam.
4. Berfikiran positif.
5. Senyum selalu.
6. Tidur awal Selamat Mencuba

The Journey

2009-10-13T05:51:00.000-07:00

Trip balik kampung
1. Booking dan beli tiket di http://www.airasia.com/site/my/en/home.jsp
2. Dah dapat tiket, packing barang, go to LCCT naik kereta; singgah di Putra Height dulu, makan dan minum. Terima kasih banyak-banyak orang-orang di sana, Jasamu Dikenang Sepanjang Hayat. O.... jarak dan minyak plus tol lebih 250km, RM32.00 plus minyak RM50.00lah. Lebih kuranglah tu, kauorang pikiqlah sendiri. Sorry takdak picture LCCT, pasal sampai situ selalunya kena lari-lari, kejar-kejar; LCCT(Lari Cepat CEpat Terbang) dan selalunya juga sampai di airport pagi-pagi buta lagi.

3. Selesai yang tu, so sampai LCCT, check-in, tunjuk tiket, ic. Bolehlah masuk bilun...kapai terbanglah tu.

4. Masuk bilun kena Q lah. Jangan lari-lari. Cari seat, duduk, pasang seat belt, tengok menu, lapar pesan dan makan.

Perjalanan from LCCT to Sibu lebih 1 jam 40 minit, kelajuan boleh mencecah 800 kms. Laju tu. Tak makan boleh tidoooor...cepat sampai.
5. Landing kat Bandar Sibu or Sibau, check IC, surat beranak, pasport. Keluar tunggu barang dan ambik. Keluar, muka kena macho...nanti pak kastam check barang... susah oooo. And then pegi ke kaunter TAxi bayar RM35.00. Tambang from Sibu airport to Wharf Speedboat or express.

Tak naik speedboat boleh naik boat express. Boat ini akan menyusuri Sungai Rejang, Batang Igan, Terusan Sg Kut dan Batang Oya, Sungai and Batang itu sama makna. Tak tanya pun?

6. Angkat barang, bukan Taxi ye..barang aje. Bawa and masuk ke speedboat SIBU-DALAT. Hah...sebelum masuk go to toilet dulu. Buang apa yang patut. Pasal boat ni jalan terus, tak ada stop-stop. Simpan barang di atas dan dalam boat. Duduk elok-elok. Nak rasa cepat sampai tidoooooooo la. Masa perjalanan lebih kurang 2 jam 15 minit lah.

7. So sepanjang perjalanan, kita akan nampak air, kampung Melayu, Melanau, buaya, sawah padi, kilang kapal, kilang papan lapis, rumah panjang.

8. Sampai di Pekan Dalat,

Angkat barang, check barang, bawa masuk ke kereta. So nak sampai ke kampung kita boleh guna kereta, bas, van sewa, kereta sewa, speedboat, long boat....bukan yang ini. Ini namanya trader; Khai Soon trader. Kapal bawa barang sama macam lori besar atau lori kontena

How to Exercise

2009-10-12T23:55:00.000-07:00

Warm Up:

Stretch Start with your legs working your way up through your body' muscles.

Go out around your block or your park. And run at least 30 minutes straight.

Push-up or pull ups, Do 10-15 at the beginning since you don't want to overwork your muscles.

Sit-ups and crunches.

Squats. Do 20 squats to strengthen and tone butt and leg muscles.

H1N1

2009-10-11T21:44:00.001-07:00

Health and healthcare risks
By Dr MILTON LUM

The public, patients and doctors need to have better understanding of risk and uncertainty in health and healthcare. This includes the nature of the risks, in general, and the statistical probability of specific side-effects in an individual’s thera

RISK is part and parcel of everyday life. Notwithstanding medicine’s successes in the past half-century, there are both risks and uncertainties in the healthcare setting. Patients, doctors, hospitals, clinics, and medical suppliers are all exposed to a variety of risks and uncertainties. This article provides a perspective on health and healthcare risks.

Risk

Risk is defined in the Oxford dictionary as “the possibility of meeting danger or suffering, harm, loss, etc.” Within the context of healthcare, this specifically means the possibility of hazard, which is a set of circumstances that may have harmful consequences, including unfavourable outcomes for patients. For example, a bottle of medicines is a hazard if it is accessible to a child, exposing the child to a risk of harm. If, however, the bottle is locked in a cupboard and is thus, inaccessible to the child, the risk to the child is zero.

Measuring risks

There are various epidemiological methods used to work out risks. They include:

·Case reports, which may be the first sign of an adverse effect of a health condition or an intervention but by themselves, they provide a small idea of the magnitude of the risk;

·Cohort studies, which involve following up a large number of exposed people for a long period of time;

·Case control studies, which involve matching exposed people with controls who are otherwise similar. Although case control studies provide the most accurate measurement of risk, it is important to remember that perfect matches are not always possible; and

·Observational studies, which involve studying large numbers of people. This is particularly so when the risk is low.

There are also situations where it is not possible to carry out studies to measure the risks because of ethical considerations, e.g. the prescription of drugs during pregnancy. There are few drugs which risks during pregnancy are well documented. The safety of all the other drugs during pregnancy is not proven. In the case of a few of them, all that can be stated is that they have been used for many years without adverse effects.

Risk can also arise when the benefit of intervention(s) are not provided, e.g. taking folic acid in pregnancy. Hence, there are risks of both omission and commission.
The current A(H1N1) influenza pandemic has posed enormous challenges to frontline doctors who not only have to treat patients with influenza-like illness but also to assuage the “worried well”, and in the process, cause strains on the delivery system. – AFP

Absolute and relative risks

Risk is considered in either absolute or relative terms. It is vital that patients and their relatives understand both the absolute and relative risks of different health conditions and their treatment options. This should include the option of doing nothing.

Absolute risks provide information of how common an event is. However, relative risks provide an indication of the magnitude of the increase in end points but without reference to absolute risk.

A small increase in relative risk for a disease event, which occurs very frequently, will result in a large increase in the number of patients affected (large absolute risk).

On the other hand, a large increase in relative risk for a disease event, which occurs infrequently, will result in only a tiny increase in the number of patients affected (small absolute risk). When considering relative risk, one must never forget to base it on the magnitude of the absolute risk.

For example, a common condition may affect 10% of the population i.e. 100 out of 1,000 will be affected (absolute risk). If the relative risk is increased by 5%, the number affected will then be 105 out of 1,000 people. An uncommon condition may affect 1% of the population i.e. 10 out of 1,000 will be affected (absolute risk). If the relative risk is increased by 100%, the number affected will then be 20 out of 1,000 people.

This example illustrates the need to consider both absolute and relative risks when interpreting studies. In short, both the numerator and denominator must be considered, particularly the denominator.

When there are comparisons of risk, like have to be compared with like, as much as is possible, and not otherwise. Apples cannot be compared with oranges.

Risk implies that something is known about the balance of probabilities, particularly between the beneficial and harmful effects of medical interventions as well as health. Although the balance of probabilities may be expressed in mathematical terms, it cannot specify the outcome for a particular individual. In general, the interplay of several variables will determine the risk for any individual.

Risk presentation

Risk is presented in a variety of ways. Absolute and relative risks provide the information in numbers. Whenever relative risks are presented, it is crucial to consider the absolute risks to maintain perspective.

Other ways of risk presentation in medical journals, e.g. number needed to treat, odds and odds ratio, hazard rates, and ratios, etc will not be discussed here.

There are other ways of risk presentations for the public who are not keen on numbers. They include:

·Graphs, which present the numbers in a pictorial form.

·Comparisons of one risk to other risks, e.g. the increased risk of dying from smoking one cigarette each year is similar to the risk of being struck by lightning twice.

·Descriptions of risks as “high”, “low”, “common”, etc. Although, these descriptions are easily understood, they are not precise and mean different things to different people.

The Royal College of Anaesthetists of the United Kingdom have linked words to numbers when describing risks, i.e. very common means 1 in 10, common 1 in 100, uncommon 1 in 1,000, rare 1 in 10,000 and very rare 1 in 100,000 persons.

These numbers have also been put in a pictorial form for better understanding.

Risk perception

Risk messages, in most situations, are initially perceived by the source and not its content. The questions raised are who is the source and whether he or she can be trusted. If the answer to the latter is in the negative, the message is likely to be disregarded although it may be well presented. There is evidence that messages from distrusted sources lead to negative effects.

Although the content of the message influences risk perception, the manner of delivery particularly the emotional tone is crucial. Assessments of risk messages involve judgements about trust. Such judgements depend on what is done and what is said.

In fact, actions often speak louder than words. For example, the response to the message that masks need not be used by the healthy people in the prevention of A(H1N1) influenza pandemic would be influenced by the wearing of masks by the messengers during the presentation.

Trust grows when there is openness and willingness to listen. There is strong evidence that if trust is lost, its re-establishment is difficult and tedious.

Risk perception is also influenced by the potential for harm, the degree of familiarity with the situation, and the degree of uncontrollability of the risk. Certain factors elicit more anxiety and alarm than others. These so-called “fright factors” provide indications of which risks are perceived as worrying, or even alarming.

Risks raise concern if they are perceived as involuntary, e.g. exposure to cough droplets rather than voluntary, e.g. smoking; unavoidable despite taking personal precautions; arising from unfamiliar or novel source, especially if poorly understood by science or medicine; resulting from man-made rather than natural sources; resulting in awful illness, injury, or death; or posing danger or damage to pregnant women, small children, or to future generations.

In particular, risk perception and responses are aggravated by contradictory statements from authoritative sources, or worse still, from the same source. It is generally accepted that the more uncertain we are, the more afraid we are.

The responses to risk are influenced by people’s beliefs and values, which vary considerably. As most people value the motorcar, they accept the health risks of driving. Health messages on the dangers of drug abuse or misuse have limited impact on those who like to take risk.

The responses to risk are considerably influenced by the perceived benefits, or the lack of it. These benefits may be tangible or intangible.

How risk information is presented affects understanding of the risk and the response. When there is emphasis on one aspect of a health decision without including other aspects, there is impact on the understanding and perceptions of the risks and benefits.

Health information can be presented as positive or negative. For example, a patient can be informed that the oral contraceptive pill provides effective contraception in 99 of 100 (positive) or its failure rate is less than 1 in 100 (negative) when used according to advice. It can also be presented as a gain or loss, e.g. emphasis on the benefits of blood transfusion in an operation (gain) or the risks of blood transfusion (loss).

In general, there is more receptivity to health information presented positively and as a gain.

The responses to the A(H1N1) influenza pandemic have ranged from confusion, anxiety, and near panic to complacency and irresponsibility in response to the varying health messages. One message was that although A(H1N1) was a novel virus, most of those infected recovered from the infection and that personal hygiene was vital in controlling its spread.

Another message, which was recurrent, focused on the deaths. This was aggravated when wrong numbers were used in calculating the case fatality rate.

Yet another message was that the virus is an unseen enemy that spread rapidly to the community and there was much uncertainty about its propensity for mutation. There was different emphasis on these themes by different opinion leaders, few of whom were medically qualified, and some by the same opinion leaders.

The local situation was summarised very well by a speaker in the National Flu Conference who asked a pertinent question i.e. whether the A(H1N1) influenza is “a flu like any other flu or a flu like no other flu”.

In short, risk perception and its response is subjective, i.e. one man’s meat is another man’s poison.

Media influence

The print and electronic media, whether mainstream or otherwise, exercise a major influence on everyday life. The manner of risk presentations often influences its perception by the public.

There have been several occasions when doctors had to attempt to correct the information patients obtained elsewhere. These include the Nipah virus scare in 1998 and the oral contraceptive pill scare a few years earlier.

In the case of the former, the initial misdiagnosis resulted in human deaths and the near decimation of the pig industry. In the case of the latter, unwanted pregnancy rates increased markedly. Although subsequent studies did not confirm the risk, the distress caused to women was unimaginable.

The individual doctor’s responsibility of putting risk into context during such scares is almost impossible.

The current A(H1N1) influenza pandemic has posed enormous challenges to front line doctors who not only have to treat patients with influenza-like illness but also to assuage the “worried well”, and in the process, causing strains on the delivery system. Some doctors and other healthcare professionals have even become a part of the statistics.

Almost all doctors believe that more balanced reporting would have helped them in their very challenging tasks of treating those with influenza-like illness and allaying the anxieties of the “worried well”.

This is not to say that the media get things wrong or that they have been willful in exaggerating risks. Russell in an article, Living can be hazardous to your health: how the news media cover cancer risks published in a Journal of the National Cancer Institute Monograph in 1999, reported instances when some have been found to have done so with the collusion of some medical journals.

Going forward

The challenge for doctors is how to apply research evidence to individual patients in the light of the inherent uncertainty of medical evidence. For example, the most significant risk factor for lung cancer is smoking, which is responsible for 90% of all lung cancers. The risk is greater the more cigarettes are smoked. About one in seven long-term smokers get lung cancer. However, it is uncertain how it will affect an individual smoker, as there is, as yet, no means of detecting individual smokers who will get lung cancer.

Medical treatments often involve interventions with side-effects, which are unlikely to be totally hazard free. A balance has to be struck between potential benefit and potential harm. In principle, patients would not be exposed to risks, which cannot be justified in terms of a personal benefit from the treatment.

Although there are, as yet, no best practices for the communication of risks of harms and benefits, there are generally accepted principles of risk communication to individuals. They include informing patients of their risks, taking into consideration their medical, social and educational situation, transmitting current opinion, evaluating patients’ understanding of the discussion, listening to their concerns, and maintaining trust.

In respect of outbreak communication, the World Health Organization emphasise five critical factors i.e. building trust, early announcement, transparency, respect for public concern, and advanced planning.

The public, patients, and doctors need to have better understanding of risk and uncertainty in health and healthcare. This includes the nature of the risk, in general, and the statistical probability of specific side-effects in an individual’s therapeutic setting, in particular.

This is only possible if the patient has a regular doctor, as trust is the basis of the patient-doctor relationship. The development of the relationship, as in any other relationship, requires an expenditure of time and effort.

Patients have a legitimate right to competent care and minimal risks of treatment. They also have a right to expect that healthcare facilities are as safe as is possible. As such, regulators and the management of healthcare facilities have to ensure that effective and functional risk management procedures are in place, particularly in hospitals where the risks are much higher.

Minimising risks requires the participation of all stakeholders. It is not the responsibility of the doctor alone, as is often perceived. The patient’s role is, in fact, critical. A dynamic partnership between patients, regulators, media, medical suppliers, allied health professionals, and doctors will be crucial to making headway in minimising risks in healthcare.

Dr Milton Lum is a member of the board of Medical Defence Malaysia. This article is not intended to replace, dictate or define evaluation by a qualified doctor. The views expressed do not represent that of any organisation the writer is associated with.

2009-10-11T21:44:00.000-07:00

Water Garden

2009-10-10T23:13:00.000-07:00

What is a Water Garden?

Even though there are several forms of water garden such as fountains or other forms of formal garden structures, we will be primarily discussing biologically balanced water gardens that are usually contained in outdoor landscaped environments. Though water gardens can be incorporated into existing natural water sources, such as creeks, ponds, etc., the most common form of water garden is a self contained body of water that contains the combination of water, fish, and aquatic plant life all forming a biological balanced aquatic environment.

As we will discuss later, the best controlled water garden is one that has a secure body of water free from leaks or conditions causing continual loss of water. As we'll soon begin to discuss, the manageability of water quality and a fish safe environment is dependent on the control of your water's stabile condition. Frequent loss and replacement of water causes a difficulty in the control of your water's quality and environment.

So, in short, a water garden would comprise of a self contained body of water formed by a flexible or pre-formed liner along with hardy fish and aquatic plants all to form a balanced aquatic environment.

How Big or Small?

How big or small to build a water garden is simply a question for the person desiring to indulge in the fun of water gardening. Water gardens can be as small as a 20-30 gallon container placed on a patio or deck, 3'x4' in-ground water garden tucked into the landscape, or a 10'x30' extensive water garden to include a wide range of recirculation features to transfer water for filtering, oxygenation, sound, and/or action.

We, at Evergreen of Johnson City, have come to find most, who build their first water garden, soon wish they has constructed one larger and soon thereafter plan on building a larger water garden.

I feel that there is a place for all sizes of water garden. I usually suggest to begin small and look for a place in your garden that a small water garden will be permanent and enjoyable. Larger water gardens can follow in other areas of the garden if the your experience with your first water garden leads you to furthering your water garden experience.

Building a Water Garden?

Step #1: What type of pond you want to build

First consider what type of aquatic life you want in the pond. Are you particularly wanting to have goldfish or koi or is your primary desire to have aquatic plants? Perhaps you main interest is creating the sound of a waterfall.

Each type of pond will need to be planned for its specific features.

KOI POND

A water garden to contain koi is different from a some water gardens because koi limit the amount of plant life available to be grown. Simply put: koi eat some plants. A koi pond should also be larger because koi get quite large despite the size of the pond, it is recommended that a koi pond be no less than 1000 gallons in volume, the bigger the better. It also needs to have an area of the pond at least 3 feet deep. Smaller water garden with will have you relocating your Koi to larger bodies of water once their faster growth have caused them to outgrow the space in the smaller body of water.

WATER GARDEN

Water gardens typically contain both goldfish and a variety of aquatic plants. Water gardens in our area of TN usually need for an area of the pond to be approximately 2 feet deep and in some cases can be built slightly shallower to 18". A rule of thumb that Evergreen of Johnson City usuallyis that 50% of the water garden's surface area being contained the deeper 24" zone of water and the remaining 50% of surface area consist the shallower areas from 10" - 18" which will make positioning marginal aquatic plant life easier. Fish also enjoy the water areas of these shallow water body areas and often associate these areas with feeding periods.

Step #2: Selecting the Water Garden's Location

The single most important rule in selecting a water garden's location is to position it where you can enjoy, view, and interact with it easily, often being close to the home. Keeping a pond close at view will allow you to view it's beauty to include birds and butterflies.

Position the pond where runoff from rain will not flow into the pond. This may carry fertilizers, chemicals, and organic debris into the pond. It may be necessary to alter the terrain to accommodate this. Avoid placing a pond too close to large body of trees, even though select placement near areas that can receive select break periods from the hot afternoon sun is beneficial. The general rule is to have at least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight if you want to have successful water lily blooming. Fallen leaf debris will have to be to be removed from the water garden, so keeping from infestations of trees would be advised. Heavier amounts of shade is fine for fish-only ponds.

Water circulation is not essential but the use of a pump will allow you to keep more fish and will assist in keeping aquatic plants healthier. Pumps are required to run a filter, fountain, or waterfall. The sound of running water adds greatly to the enjoyment of the pond. Most ponds will benefit from the use of a biological filter, but it's not entirely necessary for a successful water garden. A lot depends on the level of water quality you desire to have. Ponds containing Koi are more dependent on higher quality levels are usually require the use of a biological filter supported by a recirculation pump.

Step #3: Laying Out & Shaping the Water Garden

Once you have selected the location of your water garden, you can use a water hose or rope to lay out the shape on the ground, or you can paint out the shape of your desired water garden. Remember to consider the location of your deeper water zone as well as the shallower water zones. Above we referenced goldfish being best adapted to 18-24" depth of water where Koi required a deeper zone of water to 3' primarily to allow more space for the larger growing Koi.

Remember, most people end up wishing they made their water garden larger. A larger pond is more stable and easier to maintain. Keep in mind that a finished pond or water garden will be about 30% smaller than you visualize it. After you have laid out the shape, measure the maximum length and width. Add the depth twice to these measurements plus a foot or two for overlap and this will give you the pond liner size.

Step 4: Digging the Water Garden

Once you've marked out and shaped your water garden, you'll need to dig a shelf shelf around the perimeter of the pond about one foot deep and one or more feet wide. Next mark out where you'll position the deeper and shallower zones of the water's depth. Dig the remaining areas below the shallower shelf providing a slight slope to the end opposite the waterfall if one is included in the design.

Remember, no matter where you position area of the deeper water, many designers will position it farther away from the incoming water source if a creek or fall is designed in the water garden system. Remember to position the pump's location on the opposite end of the incoming recirculated water.

Once you'd determined where the deeper zones of the water garden are, you can widen the upper 12" shelf area, described in the beginning of this topic, to create expanded shallow areas to position marginal aquatic plants, so don't feel that the shallow area needs to be kept in one area of the water garden.

Step #5: Installing Liner

Once you have totally excavated your water garden, you'll next need to prepare for the installation of the liner under-layment and rubber liner. The under layment is a protective fabric used to protect the liner from sharp objects that may exist along the excavated soil area. Evergreen of Johnson City offers this in a 6' wide roll that any particular length can be purchased from.

After this protective fabric has been installed, you'll need to position the rubber liner into the excavated area in a way to work about, as many wrinkles as possible, but don't worry about these too much. Later we will talk about calculating the needed liner size and about the rubber liner that are available at Evergreen of Johnson city.

Once the water has been added, these folds and wrinkles will be rarely noticed and the natural discoloration to the pond's basin will camouflage to appear more natural. It's best to accumulate extra liner into larger folds and pull out wrinkles as the water is filled.

Remember, when your ready to add the liner into the excavated pit, it's important to know where any type of water fall, creek, or biological filter is to be positioned in relation to this water garden. In these areas, an overlap amount of liner is required to extend under filters installed along the perimeter of the water garden or below lined creeks or water falls to ensure that the recirculating water source is contained within the liner's design.

Step #5: & Positioning Filters, Falls, & Creeks

Once you have completed the installation of your main basin's liner, you can layout the position of any filters, waterfalls, and/or creeks if you desire to include in your water garden's design. Creeks are one of the easiest forms of circulating systems and are very easy to excavate and line. Just keep in mine a variable grade to your creek providing some elevation changes where site provides and provide a little twist and turn when space provides. Creeks are simple to line using the same rubber liner used in the main water garden's basin. Widths from 3' to 6' wide are usually needed for most creeps. Be sure to try to manage a liner depth of appx. 12" to minimize the creek's sensitivity to build up of debris such as leaves, etc.

When positioning water falls or biological filters, remember to position these in areas opposite to the pump's position to provide a good water circulation. Where these filters or creeks will be designed and associated with the water garden's perimeters, the pond's liner will need to overlap as needed to ensure water containment.

Step #6: Edging or Coping the Water Garden's Perimeter

The next and final step in building your water garden is to naturalize and/or decorate it's perimeter to provide a naturalistic appearance. In most cases, types of stone, whether fieldstone, river rock, or naturally harvested stone from your area, is used to position around the perimeter of the water garden to hide the rubber liner most exposed around the perimeter.

As directed above, a 12" shelf was designed around the perimeter of the water garden which is used to stack stone within to assist in camouflaging the liner to appear to be less man made. We do not suggest the use of concrete in this area due to it's ability to provide difficulty in managing water pH level. Use a combination or series of stone that can be stacked in a way to not tumble chancing damaged to the liner below. At the surface of the pond's edge, you can either use a more tumbled style of stone coping or a more uniform cap or stone coping. You can choose to use mortar or concrete in this area that is above the water containment area for stabilization especially where traffic or or standing may occur.

This camouflaging of the pond's lined perimeter aids not only in the exposure of the sun to the water garden liner, but also to provide a water fluctuation area so that minor water level fluctuation doesn't expose the liner to viewers. This is an important design principal that we emphasis at Evergreen of Johnson City.

Calculating Liner Size

After you have laid out the shape of your water garden, measure the maximum length and width of the hole you have dug. Add the depth twice to these measurements plus a foot or two for overlap and this will give you the pond liner size.

Evergreen of Johnson City offers one of the highest quality lines of 45 mil rubber liner. This liner is available in 10', 15', and 20' widths. Our 10' & 15' widths are on 100' rolls and our 20' wide roll comes in 50' lengths. You can purchase any length of line off of these rolls that you desire. If larger length rolls of 20' widths are required, we can special order larger rolls is needed.

Calculating Water Volume

At times, you'll need to know your water garden's water volume especially when needing to apply certain products such as beneficial bacteria, dechlorinators, etc. It's easy to calculate the volume of water. The following is a calculation to follow to calculate your water garden's volume.

· Multiply the Length x Width x Depth of the water garden (L' x W' x D')

· Multiple the above answer by 7.5 to get the total gallons

Example: A water garden is 8' long x 5' wide by 2' deep

8 x 5 x 2 = 80 cubic ft. x 7.5 = 600 gallons of water volume

Care of a Water Garden

Water gardens are often believed to be high maintenance part of a landscape, but I'll attempt to explain different. We have found water garden to be one of the simpliest and easier areas of care that are contained in a landscape.

One of the important factors to remember is that a constant, stabile body of water is easier to maintain, meaning that leaks or frequent losses of water causes difficulty in managing overall water quality.

There is a natural balance that acquires with stabile bodies of water where the proper parameters are designed meaning that water quality can, in many ways, be a naturally acquired state; however, some minor interaction with you is required.

Generally, it's suggested to keep high amounts of organic debris from washing or blowing into the water garden. This would include dormant aquatic plant material such as in the fall and winter.

Organic matter in the water will decay emitting amount of ammonia into the water. This ammonia is a form of nitrogen which will be like fertilizer to Algae which is a plant growing faster when fed by nitrogen. Less organic debris, less fertilizer, less Algae.

When feeding fish, always feed amounts that can be eaten by the fish within appx. 5 minutes. Any excess waste not eaten is high in fat content and can also cause problem to water quality. Excessive amounts of fish in your water garden can also cause problems with water quality since fish also put off ammonia from their gills as well as their waste. This doesn't mean that fish should not be used, but if you begin to experience increased problems with Algae as your fish load begins to increase, this may be the problem. Refer to the topic of using beneficial bacteria to learn how you can manage the negative effects of organic debris and ammonia.

Usually, when you feel like you should totally clean out your water garden, that's when you should simply leave it alone. There are amounts of beneficial bacteria that are present and lost during total clean outs, so we highly recommend only performing total clean outs when you absolutely have too. This can range from 1 to 3 years. The use of beneficial bacteria will assist in managing lower levels of organic waste, known as bio-waste in the pond's floor.

If your water garden consists of biological filter(s), you'll need to manage and clean as needed. The interval of these cleanings will depending on the style and size of the biological filter and by the volume of fish that you have emitting causing heavier amounts of bio waste into the water garden. The main things to remember is that the bio-mass waste that collects in the base of biological filters is the main thing that your trying to clean. You'll want to remove filter sponges rinsing them off and lighting ringing them out, but not washing with soap. Scoop out the amount of waste from the base of the filter, and reassemble the filter's contents back into their normal order. This frequency should be done when the bio-mass cavity has no more room to collect the waste and when filter sponges don't allow normal water flow to more through. Depending on certain variations, this can be done from 1 - 6 month intervals.

Controlling Algae & Green Water

Algae can many times seem to be impossible to manage. Most of the principles of algae control is quite simple when you understand the needs that Algae require. Eliminating as many of these needs can help to reduce lots of types of algae.

Let's first discuss two main categories of algae. First there are forms of algae that cause water clarity to appear brown or greenish. In many cases, the greening caused in the water is algae blooming and thriving. Secondly, there are forms of stringy algae that are the most difficult and often require to simply manage their existence to a controlled level. This is the category that provides the most difficulty and much research is still being done on the method so of controlling stringy algae. I will be focusing on the main and most effective control of the most common algae causing poor water clarity.

Algae, being a plant, requires space "water", light, and nutrients. Since space or water area can't be restricted, you have to control the two areas that can be altered being light and nutrition. Light input into the water's surface can be restricted by the proper positioning of the water garden by restricting it's exposure to full sun for a period of the day from 4 to 8 hours in lieu of all day exposure or areas beyond 6-8 hours. Other ways to control light exposure is by manipulating aquatic plants such a water lilies or tropical covers such as water lettuce or water hyacinths. For temporary uses in early spring, a long lasting blue dye can be added to the water to reduce the amount of sunlight penetration into the water until aquatic plants can be effective. It's recommended to have 50% of aquatic plant coverage over the total water surface unless forms of filtrations are utilized.

The control of nutrition is managed by proper feeding habits and by minimizing amounts of organic debris from entering the water garden. Another very and highly effective method of controlling algae's nutrition is with the use of beneficial bacteria. One that Evergreen of Johnson City highly recommends and offers is "Microb-Lift" a highly effective liquid blend of beneficial bacteria. These bacteria assist in breaking down biological waste in turn minimizing the release of ammonia into the water. This is how you effectively control the nutrition required by algae. With most bacteria products, weekly applications are required for the first 4 weeks and then monthly applications are required thereafter.

Are Plants Important?

Aquatic plants are very important to assist in achieving an ecological balance in the water garden. You can choose whether to minimize the involvement of aquatic plants in the pond, or you can utilize extensive use of aquatic plants benefiting from not only their ecological benefits but also their beauty and features of foliage and flower.

Aquatic plant consist of four categories being ones that exist in the deeper areas of the water garden such as water lilies and water lotus, marginal aquatics that include a wide range of aquatic plants that are positioned in the shallower areas of the water from 6-12", floating aquatic plants such as the tropicals such as floating water lettuce and water Hyacinths, and last, but not least, the oxygenating underwater plants such as Anacharis. This underwater plant uses up nutrients that would otherwise feed the algae and disperses oxygen directly into the water.

Other benefits of plants are for protective coverage and harboring for fish to protect themselves from predators. Also, certain plant provide effective spawning areas for fish to lay and fertilizer eggs providing continual development of new fish.

Remember, strong bloomers such as water lilies and water lotus prefer to be fertilized monthly during the growing season to promote strong and regular blooming. This is done by inserting slow release tablets into the root zone or soil area of the lily or lotus.

Coping with Water Garden Predators

There are a variety of the predators that can be a problem to the water garden mainly with potential harm to fish life. One of the most common categories are predatory birds which contain the most common two being the Blue Heron or the Kingfisher. The Blue Heron is the most common threat in our area are prey as individuals due to their competitive territory nature. Two of the most common techniques are either netting the water garden with a course netting being positioned along the top of the water basin and secured along the stone perimeter or by using the placement of a fake Blue Heron that often keeps other Herons away.

Another predatory that is seemingly less known is the snapping turtle. Female snapping turtles often take traveling excursions during the spring months, usually May - early June, to find new bodies of water to lay their eggs next to the edge. The female will usually inhabit body of water using the fish and other wildlife, even some aquatic plants, to serve as their food source. I have personally had experience with this situation and has a repeated attempt from another traveling turtle the following season that I came across before she was able to inhabit my water garden.

Large bull frogs can also be a threat to fish life. Usually this has to be very large bull frogs which can, at times, be a threat to the smaller gold fish eating them whole. Frogs are not considered to be one of the major treats to water gardens and are one of the accepted aquatic life forms that do frequently inhabit water garden environments.

Preparing for Winter

Water garden benefit from the proper preparation for the late fall and winter months. One of the most important preparation procedures to remember is to net over the water garden basin where nearby trees may cause fallen leaves to blow into the water.

As mentioned before, leaves and other organic debris that enter the water will develop into large amounts of decaying matter which in turn emits dangerous gases and high ammonia levels. during ice over periods, gases emitted from decaying matter can be trapped under the ice causing potential harm to the fish life. Also, remember to cut back and clean up dormant aquatic plant life and discard all tropical floating aquatic life such as water lettuce and water hyacinths.

Ornamental Fish for a Water Garden

Hardy fish such as goldfish and koi not only become pets to their owners, but also contribute to the water garden by eating algae and particularly insects and larvae. Fish become a delightful addition to the water garden offering a great colorful reason to watch a water garden's life and action and particularly are enjoyed by kids.

Stock a new water garden at the rate of one inch of fish per every 8 gallons of water, waiting 3 to 4 weeks after introducing plants (this allows necessary bacteria to populate the pond). We also suggest initially adding supplemental bacteria to the water garden to initiate the initial stock bacteria amount which is highly beneficial to fish life.

It's important to always dechlorinate your water before adding fish and anytime you have to add any more than 20% of your total water volume to ensure no danger cause by the harmful chlorine.

* Note - Be sure to always keep a bottle of dechlorinator on hand just in case of emergency.

This is very important!

Dividing Your Water Lilies

The first couple of seasons you have your water lilies the blossoming will be outstanding, possibly even better than you had hoped. But as the years progress, you will notice a lessening in the flowering, even though you continue to fertilize regularly. This downturn is your cue to divide your water lilies, giving them more room and fresh soil. If you live i the hot regions of the sunbelt, you may need to divide and report your hardy water lilies annually.

Spring is the best time of the your to divide and transplant your water lilies. Watch them early in the spring as the weather begins to warm. Notice new growth coming from the crown of each plant.
When these leaves are approximately half way to the surface of your pond, it is time to divide. Lift each plant container from your pond.

1. Remove plant and rinse soil off of the rootstock.
2. Rootstock will have a main growing tip and some juvenile growing tips visible on a large rootstock.
3. Cut off old rootstock end, leaving 4" - 6" of healthy rootstock with the main growing tip. Discard old woody rootstock end.
4. Cut off juvenile crowns.
5. Repot trimmed rootstock (using Liltabs) and replace in your pond.
6. Discard Juvenile growing tips, or pot them in a 3.5 quart soil container. Grow with 2" - 4" of water over the soil.
7. Increase water cover (lower container in your pond) to a 12" - 18" as stems grow; allowing pads to float on surface.
8. They will be blooming size this season or next.

Water Garden

2009-10-10T23:02:00.000-07:00

Water planting

You have created water garden in your yard, you can envision the green inviting plants that blend so graciously with the water anf rocks. A feeling of country in the city, that take you with it as it gurgles, and spills bubbling over the rocks with sounds of pure relaxation and joy!

Now is the time to make tha vision a fact, and plant the water garden plants that your little piece of paradise requires. The plants can be planted in the mud at the bottom of the pool however container grown plant are much easier to handle, can be positioned at will, and can allow for cleaning of the area with their mobility.Thesoil should be garden topsoil not compos, peat moss, or dry manure. Mix aquatic plant fertilizer with garden loam.

First, add under water grasses, these are oxygenating plants, and plant several of these grasses. Use shallow container or pots, fill with soil, add abit of sand to top push the grass roots about one-third of the way into the soil.

Water lilies should be plant at one only per each 20-inch pot. The small pygmy varieties can be planted in eight-inch container. Tropical water lilies are considered annuals and will need to be replanted each year. They sould be planted only when the weather is warm.

Lotus tend to take over, but it can be planted on moist banks. Some edibles are water chestnut, watercress, and herbs such assorrel plant plum, banana, and citrus can be added.

Fish can also be added at one per two-sq.ft. of pond surface. After purcashing the fish, rest whole bag in the water to warm to the pool temperature before releasing the fish. Feed every 2-3 days according to instructions.

No more than half of your pool’s surface should be covered by plant to conserve the oxygen. When growth is profuse, thin out plants.

Duit raya

2009-10-10T22:37:00.000-07:00

Sedikit-sedikit lama-lama jadi bukit. Pepatah ini sering dikaitkan dengan kelebihan budaya menabung yang sepatutnya disemai dalam jiwa anak-anak sejak peringkat awal lagi.
Tambahan pula, setelah menyambut Hari Raya Aidilfitri, kanak-kanak tentunya sangat gembira mengira duit raya yang mereka terima sepanjang raya. Pasti ramai antara mereka yang mula merancang untuk membeli sesuatu yang diingini denganduit tersebut.
Jadi, apakah yang adik-adik lakukan dengan duit tersebut? Adakah adik-adik sudah ada tabungan dan simpanan sendiri. Pasti ada dalam kalangan adik-adik yang sudah menyimpan wang dan menabung sejak awal lagi.
Dan pasti ada dalam kalangan adik-adik yang sudah memiliki tabung sendiri, dihadiahkan oleh kawan-kawan, dibelikan oleh kedua ibu bapa adik-adik. Maupun secara percuma apabila membuka akuan simpanan di bank-bank tertentu.
Apa tunggu lagi, adik-adik. Inilah masa yang sesuai untuk menabung. Pakar psikologi mengatakan perlakuan yang dilakukan selama 21 hari secara berturur-turut akan menjadi satu amalan atau tabiat yang berkekalan.
Oleh itu, adik-adik perlu mengamalkan budaya menabung ini setiap hari. Jangan tunggu sehingga dipaksa oleh ibu bapa baru hendak menabung. Menabung juga perlu diamalkan dan diteruskan sampai bila-bila. Tambahan pula duit yang disimpan itu boleh digunakan untuk waktu kecemasan atau melanjutkan pelajaran kelak. Apabila tabungan sudah penuh, adik-adik bolehlah meminta kebenaran ibu bapa untuk mengira jumlah yang berjaya dikumpul bersama-sama ibu bapa adik-adik. Adik-adik boleh meminta kebenaran ibu bapa untuk membelanjakan nya sedikit seperti untuk membeli buku cerita dan barang yang bermanfaat. Wang selebihnya boleh disimpan dalam akaun simpanan. Pilihlah bank yang menawarkan akaun simpanan yang terbaik serta pelbagai faedah dan keistimewaannya.

Jaga Cermin Kereta Anda

2009-10-10T21:49:00.001-07:00

How to prevent further damage to your windscreen
1. Locate the point of impact on your windscreen to determine the pattern if it is a star, bulls eye, half moon, cracks or combination.
2. Secure point of impact with cellophane tape to prevent the cracks from getting bigger, and also prevent moisture and dirt from getting into your car.
3. Do not wash your vehicle at this time as it may futher aggravate the damage area, and cause the crack to widen.
4. Avoid touching the surface of the the cracks with finger or tools.
5. Do not slam your door shut, as extra pressure may cause the crack to widen.
6. Do not park under hot, direct sunlight. Open the windows slightly to allow heat to dissipate as ho temperature may further weaken the windscreen structure.

Ragam Kota Tinggi

2009-10-08T09:03:00.000-07:00

Apa peace2 ni.. pegi angkut barang le.

Oiii..turun22.. kita dah sampai la..

Ragam Kota Tinggi

2009-10-08T08:49:00.000-07:00

Sepanjang perjalanan hujan je... sejuk.

Anugerah pemandu pertama bergambak dpan bas...

Makan time....ayak sirap je ker?
Ops.. walaubagai manapun..tima kasih byk2 kepada penaja di Putra Height. Jasamu dikenang. Murah rezeki.

Suasana Pagi Raya D Kampung

2009-10-08T08:36:00.000-07:00

Cuaca hari ini sangat menarik, tenang, harmoni
pagi raya yang ceria, walaupun semalam hujan tak henti2.
Selamat Hari Raya Aidilfitri kepada muslimin dan muslimat.

Kenduri

2009-10-08T08:21:00.000-07:00

Raya baru je lepas... kenduri pulak.. Tak sempat nak diet le. Buat kenangkenangan..cucucucu...tak mungkin seramai ni kot?
....Seghnonok nampak beras2 ni..bertambah sehat...marimari makan. Tunggu di ipoh...Cuti2 dibekukan..Kerja222222. Walau cam napun. SELAMAT JADI RAJA SEHARI KEPADA KEDUA MEMPELAI. Arios.

selamat hari jadi

2009-10-08T08:16:00.001-07:00

Happy birthday abg mie...
mkan2 jugak.. jgn lupa baca buku/buat homework.
exam dah dekat.

Puasa, Raya, Duit Raya

2009-10-08T07:48:00.000-07:00

Pagi raya.....semesti masa yang ditunggu-tunggu oleh anak-anak/cucu-cucu...kenapa ya?
Sebulan berpuasa..menahan lapar dan dahaga... kini tiba masenya utk bergumbira...kenapa ya?
sebab dapat duit raya la..huhu..
"Hehe..comfirm tak dapat duit punya"....Dedek kate.
"Ye la asyik salam je... duit tak bagi-bagi jugak nenek?
Hehehe...

Hari Raya 2009

2009-10-08T07:33:00.000-07:00

Gambar raya di kampung
Semua orang balik kg......kecuali keluarga ina (tngah sibuk kemas-kemas rumah kot)
Raya tahun ni.......sepupu ikin ikut sekali....sapa tu?...c luqman la..
ya... yg. baju kuning gold2 tu...